Editing Letix

{{Japanese Baby and Four
|image=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2665674608/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3057/2665674608_09d9597843_m_d.jpg]<br>''Picture by eBayer neatphoto. {{with permission}}''
}}
The '''Letix''' is a Japanese camera taking 4×4cm on [[127 film]] and partly made of [[bakelite]]. It was produced from 1940 by [[Asahi Bussan|Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō]], a dependent company of Riken Kōgaku Kōgyō (today [[Ricoh]]), and was a remote evolution of the [[Olympic]] cameras.<REF> Attribution to Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō: advertisement in {{ACA}} October 1940 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.104. Dates: {{Kokusan}}, p.343. </REF> At about the same time, Riken itself was also making the [[Roico]], an all-metal 4×4 camera.

== Description of the body ==
The Letix has a [[bakelite]] body, as the [[Olympic]], but the lens and shutter assembly is mounted on a metal telescopic tube. The name of the camera is moulded in the front of the body. The name appears as ''LETIX'' in capital letters on many examples,<REF> Examples pictured in this very article, in [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbest/riken.htm this page] and [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbestaz/bestl.htm this page] at Asacame and in "Senzen no rikō kamera — hoi", pp.21–2 of {{KKS}} no.14 (a small picture is reproduced in [http://www.ricoh.co.jp/camera/cameralist/letix.html this page] of the Ricoh official website). </REF> and as ''Letix'' in cursive style in advertising pictures.<REF> Advertisements in {{ACA}} October 1940 and August 1941 reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, pp.61 and 104. </REF> At least two examples are known with the body marked ''Retix''.<REF> Example pictured in {{MK}}, p.85, and example observed in an online auction. </REF> An explanation for that funny mistake is that the Japanese phonology does not distinguish between the "l" and "r" letters.

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| colspan=2 | ''Letix with ''Retix'' marking, Ukas Anastigmat 50mm f/4.5 lens no.A-11258, AKK shutter.''<br>''Pictures by eBayer comprar83. {{with permission}}''
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The Letix is covered by a top housing except the space around the advance knob, at the left end of the top plate. The advance knob itself is quite thick, and the camera is equipped with auto-stop film advance. The tubular optical finder is a distinct part, centred above the top housing, and there is an accessory shoe on the right end. Between the shoe and the finder is an exposure counter made of a fully exposed disc engraved from ''1'' to ''12''. This device was necessary because at the time, the film paperback was not marked for 4×4cm pictures. Between the finder and the advance knob there is a button that perhaps unlocks the auto-stop advance device. The back is removable together with the bottom plate, and has a single red window to set the first exposure, protected by a horizontally sliding cover. The back is locked by a knob surrounding the tripod mount, at the centre of the bottom plate.

{| class="plainlinks" align="center" style="text-align: center;"
|| [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2665674608/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3057/2665674608_09d9597843_m_d.jpg] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebollo_fr/2665674612/in/pool-camerapedia/ http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3154/2665674612_7ca97d492c_m_d.jpg]
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|| ''Letix with ''LETIX'' marking, Ukas Anastigmat 50mm f/4.5 lens, AKK shutter.''<br>''Pictures by eBayer neatphoto. {{with permission}}''
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== Relation with the Kraft ==
The early version of the [[Kraft]] made by [[Ishii and Echt|Echt]] from about 1940 is very similar to the Letix, but its main body is made of metal instead of [[bakelite]]. The two cameras have the same viewfinder, exposure counter, advance knob, accessory shoe and telescopic tube, and their top housing is only slightly different. Those parts were probably supplied by Echt to [[Asahi Bussan|Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō]], which was probably specialized in [[bakelite]] cameras — the reverse seems less likely.

== Commercial life ==
The earliest known advertisement for the Letix is in {{ACA}} October 1940.<REF> Advertisement reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.104. This is the earliest advertisement listed in {{Kokusan}}, p.343. </REF> It mentions the manufacturer [[Asahi Bussan|Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō]] and the distributor [[Kaneki|Kaneki Shōten]], and offers the camera with a front-cell focusing Ukas Anastigmat 50mm f/4.5 (a lens equipping many models of the [[Olympic]]) and a shutter giving 25, 50, 100, 150, B, T speeds. Other advertisements in the same magazine dated November 1940 (by Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō) and August 1941 (by [[Kawara|Kawara Shashinki-ten]], another distributor) list the Letix with the same lens and shutter combination for {{yen|55|1941}}.<REF> November 1940: advertisement visible in [http://xylocopal2.exblog.jp/5177408 this page of Xylocopal's photolog]. August 1941: advertisement reproduced in {{Kokusan}}, p.61. </REF>

The camera appears in the official list of set prices compiled in October 1940 and published in January 1941, under the names "Letix I" (¥60) and "Letix II" (¥95), with no further details.<REF> {{Kakaku0141_short}}, type 1, sections 5 and 9. </REF> The last known mention of the camera is in a column of the February 1942 issue of {{ACA}}.

== Surviving examples ==
Examples of the Letix have been observed with the Ukas lens and 25–150 speeds.<REF> Examples pictured in this article, in {{MK}}, p.85, in {{SUG}}, item 3031, in [http://www.ajcc.gr.jp/sub1.33.htm#Letix this page] of the AJCC and in [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbest/riken.htm this page] and [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbestaz/bestl.htm this page] at Asacame. </REF> The shutter plate has decorative patterns, is marked ''Letix'' at the top, has an ''AKK'' logo on the right (surely for <U>A</U>sahi <U>K</U>ōgaku <U>K</U>ōgyō) and the aperture scale at the bottom. The speeds are written on the rim in the following order: T, B, 150, 100, 50, 25. The shutter is everset, and it is probably the same as mounted on the [[Olympic]] cameras.

Another version of the Letix has been observed, perhaps corresponding to the Letix II.<REF> Example pictured in {{SUG}}, item 3032, and in "Senzen no rikō kamera — hoi", pp.21–2 of {{KKS}} no.14 (a small picture is reproduced in [http://www.ricoh.co.jp/camera/cameralist/letix.html this page] of the Ricoh official website). </REF> It has a 5cm f/4.5 lens reported as a Helios Anastigmat, probably a three-element lens made by [[Tōkyō Shashin|Tōkyō Shashin Kōgaku]].<REF> Made by [[Tōkyō Shashin|Tōkyō Shashin Kōgaku]]: {{Inquiry1943_short}}, lens item Jc12 for an Helios 50/4.5 lens mounted on the [[Baby Germa]]. </REF> The shutter is an everset [[Perfect]] (5–250, B, T) by [[Neumann & Heilemann]], in #00 size with the early shutter plate design (see [[Perfect]]). (A similar lens and shutter combination is found on the [[Seica and Andes Four|Seica]].) The known pictures perhaps correspond to a single surviving example; it is also distinguished by the reduced frame around the viewfinder window.

== Notes ==
<references />

== Bibliography ==
* {{Showa10}} Item 319. (See also the advertisement for item 35.)
* {{Kakaku0141}} Type 1, sections 5 and 9.
* {{McKeown12}} P.85.
* "Senzen no rikō kamera — hoi" (戦前のリコーカメラ・補遺, Prewar Ricoh cameras — appendix). {{KKS014}} Pp.21–2.
* {{Zukan}} Items 3031–2.
* Tanaka Masao (田中政雄). "Rikō kamera no nagare" (リコーカメラの流れ, Evolution of the Ricoh cameras). {{KKS014}} Pp.8–11.

== Links ==
In Japanese:
* [http://www.ricoh.co.jp/camera/cameralist/letix.html Letix] in the [http://www.ricoh.co.jp/camera/cameralist/index.html camera list] of the [http://www.ricoh.co.jp/ Ricoh official website]
* Related pages at [http://asacame.fc2web.com/ Asacame]:
** [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbest/riken.htm Riken 127 cameras] (the Letix is the fourth camera from the top)
** [http://asacame.fc2web.com/hspbestaz/bestl.htm Letix] in the [http://asacame.fc2web.com/htmds/dbnbestaz.htm A–Z 127 cameras]
* [http://www.ajcc.gr.jp/sub1.33.htm#Letix Page from the All Japan Classic Camera Club], presenting the [[Roico]] and the Letix side by side
* [http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/mayoigo39pi/3714381.html Letix] in [http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/mayoigo39pi mayoigo39pi's blog]
* [http://navi.kitamura.jp/camera/0000002216.html Letix] in the [http://www.kitamura.co.jp/navi/index.html Kitamura Camera Museum]
* Advertisement for the Letix published in ''[[Asahi Camera]]'' November 1940, visible in [http://xylocopal2.exblog.jp/5177408 this page about old camera magazines] of [http://xylocopal2.exblog.jp/ Xylocopal's photolog]

In French :
*  [http://www.collection-appareils.fr/x/html/page_standard.php?id_appareil=2628 Ricoh Letix] at www.collection-appareils.fr



{{riken prewar}}
[[Category: Japanese 4x4 viewfinder]]
[[Category: Bakelite]]
[[Category: Ricoh]]
[[Category: L]]